Kaj je subnetting?
Subnetting je postopek delitve omrežja na dve ali več manjših omrežij. Izboljša pretok prometa, varnost in poenostavi upravljanje omrežja.
Običajna notacija CIDR
- /32: En sam naslov IP Single IP address
- /30: Povezava od točke do točke (2 uporabna gostitelja) Point-to-point link (2 usable hosts)
- /24: Standardno majhno omrežje (254 uporabnih gostiteljev) Standard small network (254 usable
hosts)
- /16: Veliko podjetniško omrežje (65.534 uporabnih gostiteljev) Large corporate network (65,534 usable
hosts)
- /8: Zelo veliko omrežje (16,7 milijona uporabnih gostiteljev) Very large network (16.7M usable hosts)
Computes network addresses, broadcast addresses, usable host ranges, and CIDR notation for IP subnets. Essential for network planning.
Key Facts
- /24 subnet has 254 usable IPs
- Private ranges: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16
- Subnetting introduced in 1985 (RFC 950)
- CIDR replaced classful networking in 1993
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a subnet?
A logical division of an IP network into smaller segments for security, performance, and efficient IP usage.
What does /24 mean?
First 24 bits are network portion, 8 bits for hosts = 254 usable addresses.
How to calculate hosts?
Formula: 2^(32-prefix) - 2. For /24: 2^8 - 2 = 254 usable hosts.
Public vs private IP ranges?
Private (10.x, 172.16-31.x, 192.168.x) for internal use. Public IPs are globally unique for internet.