Što je podmrežavanje?
Podmrežavanje je proces dijeljenja mreže na dvije ili više manjih mreža. Poboljšava protok prometa, sigurnost i pojednostavljuje upravljanje mrežom.
Uobičajena CIDR notacija
- /32: Pojedinačna IP adresa Single IP address
- /30: Veza od točke do točke (2 upotrebljiva hosta) Point-to-point link (2 usable hosts)
- /24: Standardna mala mreža (254 upotrebljiva hosta) Standard small network (254 usable
hosts)
- /16: Velika korporativna mreža (65,534 upotrebljiva hosta) Large corporate network (65,534 usable
hosts)
- /8: Vrlo velika mreža (16.7M upotrebljivih hostova) Very large network (16.7M usable hosts)
Computes network addresses, broadcast addresses, usable host ranges, and CIDR notation for IP subnets. Essential for network planning.
Key Facts
- /24 subnet has 254 usable IPs
- Private ranges: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16
- Subnetting introduced in 1985 (RFC 950)
- CIDR replaced classful networking in 1993
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a subnet?
A logical division of an IP network into smaller segments for security, performance, and efficient IP usage.
What does /24 mean?
First 24 bits are network portion, 8 bits for hosts = 254 usable addresses.
How to calculate hosts?
Formula: 2^(32-prefix) - 2. For /24: 2^8 - 2 = 254 usable hosts.
Public vs private IP ranges?
Private (10.x, 172.16-31.x, 192.168.x) for internal use. Public IPs are globally unique for internet.