🔐 Gineadóir Hais (Hash)

Gin haiseanna MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256 agus SHA-512 láithreach i do bhrabhsálaí.

Cad iad feidhmeanna hais cripteagrafacha?

Is algartam matamaiticiúil í feidhm hais chripteagrafach a mhapálann sonraí de mhéid treallach chuig teaghrán de mhéid seasta. Is feidhm aontreo í.

Algartaim a Thacaítear

  • MD5 (128-giotán): Tapa, ach meastar go bhfuil sé neamhshlán. Úsáidtear le haghaidh seiceálacha sláine sonraí (checksums). Fast but considered insecure for cryptographic purposes. Still used for checksums.
  • SHA-1 (160-giotán): Algartam atá imithe i léig. Ní mholtar é le haghaidh slándála, ach baintear úsáid as fós i roinnt córas (m.sh. Git). Deprecated for security. Vulnerable to collision attacks since 2017.
  • SHA-256 (256-giotán): Caighdeán tionscail. Úsáidtear é le haghaidh teastais SSL/TLS agus sínithe digiteacha. Part of SHA-2 family. Widely used in SSL, Bitcoin, and modern security.
  • SHA-512 (512-giotán): An t-uasmhéid slándála. Moltar é le haghaidh pasfhocail a haiseáil. Strongest common hash. Used in high-security applications.

Ceisteanna Coitianta

An bhfuil MD5 slán fós le húsáid?

Meastar go bhfuil MD5 briste go cripteagrafach. Ná húsáid é ach chun críocha nach mbaineann le slándáil. Le haghaidh slándála, úsáid SHA-256 nó SHA-512.

An féidir hais a aisiompú?

Ní féidir. Is feidhmeanna aontreo iad haiseanna. Mar sin féin, is féidir haiseanna laga a thomhas trí uirlisí mar 'rainbow tables'. Úsáid 'salann' (salt) do phasfhocail i gcónaí.

Creates cryptographic hash values (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512) for data integrity verification, password storage, and digital signatures.

Key Facts

  • SHA-256 produces 64 hex character hash
  • MD5 collision attacks demonstrated in 2004
  • Bitcoin uses double SHA-256
  • Single bit change completely changes output (avalanche effect)

Frequently Asked Questions

Which hash algorithm to use?

SHA-256 for general purpose. MD5/SHA-1 broken for security. For passwords use bcrypt/Argon2.

Is MD5 still safe?

Not for security (collisions found 2004). OK for checksums and cache keys where collision resistance not critical.

What is a hash collision?

Two different inputs producing same hash. Should be computationally infeasible for secure algorithms.

What is a hash function?

One-way algorithm converting any input to fixed-length string. Same input always produces same hash, irreversible.