Was ist Subnetting?
Subnetting ist der Prozess der Unterteilung eines Netzwerks in zwei oder mehr kleinere Netzwerke. Es verbessert den Verkehrsfluss, die Sicherheit und vereinfacht das Netzwerkmanagement.
Gängige CIDR-Notation
- /32: Einzelne IP-Adresse Single IP address
- /30: Point-to-Point-Verbindung (2 nutzbare Hosts) Point-to-point link (2 usable hosts)
- /24: Standardmäßiges kleines Netzwerk (254 nutzbare Hosts) Standard small network (254 usable
hosts)
- /16: Großes Unternehmensnetzwerk (65.534 nutzbare Hosts) Large corporate network (65,534 usable
hosts)
- /8: Sehr großes Netzwerk (16,7 Mio. nutzbare Hosts) Very large network (16.7M usable hosts)
Computes network addresses, broadcast addresses, usable host ranges, and CIDR notation for IP subnets. Essential for network planning.
Key Facts
- /24 subnet has 254 usable IPs
- Private ranges: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16
- Subnetting introduced in 1985 (RFC 950)
- CIDR replaced classful networking in 1993
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a subnet?
A logical division of an IP network into smaller segments for security, performance, and efficient IP usage.
What does /24 mean?
First 24 bits are network portion, 8 bits for hosts = 254 usable addresses.
How to calculate hosts?
Formula: 2^(32-prefix) - 2. For /24: 2^8 - 2 = 254 usable hosts.
Public vs private IP ranges?
Private (10.x, 172.16-31.x, 192.168.x) for internal use. Public IPs are globally unique for internet.