Какво е Subnetting?
Subnetting е процесът на разделяне на мрежа на две или повече по-малки мрежи. Това подобрява потока на трафика, сигурността и опростява управлението на мрежата.
Често срещана CIDR нотация
- /32: Един IP адрес Single IP address
- /30: Връзка от точка до точка (2 използваеми хоста) Point-to-point link (2 usable hosts)
- /24: Стандартна малка мрежа (254 използваеми хоста) Standard small network (254 usable
hosts)
- /16: Голяма корпоративна мрежа (65 534 използваеми хоста) Large corporate network (65,534 usable
hosts)
- /8: Много голяма мрежа (16.7M използваеми хоста) Very large network (16.7M usable hosts)
Computes network addresses, broadcast addresses, usable host ranges, and CIDR notation for IP subnets. Essential for network planning.
Key Facts
- /24 subnet has 254 usable IPs
- Private ranges: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16
- Subnetting introduced in 1985 (RFC 950)
- CIDR replaced classful networking in 1993
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a subnet?
A logical division of an IP network into smaller segments for security, performance, and efficient IP usage.
What does /24 mean?
First 24 bits are network portion, 8 bits for hosts = 254 usable addresses.
How to calculate hosts?
Formula: 2^(32-prefix) - 2. For /24: 2^8 - 2 = 254 usable hosts.
Public vs private IP ranges?
Private (10.x, 172.16-31.x, 192.168.x) for internal use. Public IPs are globally unique for internet.